Cost plays an important role in industrial production planning, cost directly results in profit and is part of price setting, with the instability of material and other manufacturing resource prices making the cost more difficult to estimate. Entrepreneur uses various cost estimation techniques and some of them use unique individual skills so to match them with the well-known cost estimation technique and using the power of machine learning to early estimate the cost can benefit the entrepreneurs to prepare them for the upcoming production process. The neural network is one of the popular techniques for construction manufacturing cost estimation, but the generalizability of neural networks can make cost estimation possible for all manufacturers, however, it comes with a lack of explainability when it requires a rich architecture and a chance of overfitting . All the problems above lead us to create a neural-network-inspired model specifically designed for cost estimation from the principle of artificial neural networks and a recognized cost estimation model. We select the Time-Driven Activity-based Costing, as a cost estimation framework for our model because it covers the cost both directly and indirectly way, and structures can apply to the structure of artificial neural networks.

In the digital age, where technology is rapidly advancing, the use of digital certificates has become essential for verifying skills and expertise in various fields. Digital certificates not only provide convenience in storing and accessing information but also enhance the ease of sharing and verifying data. Researchers have proposed managing the storage and sharing of personal certificate data using blockchain technology, focusing on addressing issues related to security, reliability, privacy, and quick data access. The scope includes creating a prototype system for testing in the case study of computer engineering certificates at Prince of Songkla University. Using Ethereum blockchain smart contracts, a decentralized data storage and sharing system is developed. The research findings indicate that blockchain technology can effectively enhance the security and transparency of certificate data storage. It can reduce the time required to verify the authenticity of certificates and increase the convenience of data access for users. This research suggests that blockchain technology has the potential to be applied in managing certificate data in educational or other organizational contexts.